Scientists Create a New Form of Ice at Over 2,000°C

Scientists Create a New Form of Ice at More Than 2000°C

Scientists Create a New Form of Ice at Over 2,000°C

By squeezing water between diamond tips to 2.3 million atmospheres and heating it with lasers to 2,630 kelvins, researchers produced a never-before-confirmed phase of superionic ice called hexagonal close-packed (hcp) ice. In this bizarre state, oxygen atoms stay locked in a crystal lattice while hydrogen nuclei flow like a liquid. The discovery could reshape models of Uranus and Neptune's lopsided magnetic fields.

At those temperatures, you'd normally expect water to emphatically be a gas – even partially sundered into its constituent oxygen and hydrogen atoms. But something interesting happens at the astronomical pressures found deep inside planets.
  1. vitiral

    > under preposterous pressures up to 2.3 million atmospheres, and tremendous temperatures up to 2,630 kelvins (2,357 degrees Celsius, or 4,274 degrees Fahrenheit).

    Whew, so not Ice-nine

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2026-09-13