Mathematical Billiards: Where Every Shot Bounces Forever

Mathematical Billiards (2024)

Lael Shelton Costa explores mathematical billiards, from inner billiards in convex tables to outer billiards where the ball moves outside a polygon. Using computer experiments, Costa discovered that in hyperbolic geometry, infinitely many regular polygonal tables yield periodic orbits, unlike the three known in Euclidean geometry.

To me, this is a good example of how computer experiments can lead to progress in pure mathematics.

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