Modal Rebuilds Platform to Scale 1 Million Sandboxes in Seconds

Scaling to 1M concurrent sandboxes in seconds

At Modal, we rebuilt our sandbox platform from the ground up to support millions of concurrent sandboxes and tens of thousands of creations per second. By removing central bottlenecks and trading global consistency for scalability, we eliminated the limitations found in systems like Kubernetes and our own previous architecture. This new design allows us to accelerate agent growth without adding friction, proving that infinite scale is achievable.

"We completely dispensed with any sort of central coordination, and traded global consistency for scalability and performance everywhere on the critical path for running and creating sandboxes."